Publications

The work

2026

Linking device dynamics to neural network performance in ionically gated synaptic transistors

Nithil Harris Manimaran, Huayuan Han, Cory Merkel, Ke Xu

Scientific Reports

Timing Matters: Delay Fault Characterization and Testing in SNN Accelerators

Osita Ukwuaba, Cory Merkel

Proceedings of the Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 2026, pp. 179–186

Leveraging Non-Equilibrium ECRAM Dynamics for Short-Term Plasticity in Neuromorphic Circuits

Alex Currie, Sean Borkholder, Nithil Harris Manimaran, Huayuan Han, Cory Merkel, Ke Xu, Tejasvi Das

arXiv (Cornell University), preprint

2025

A Clock-Free Analog Time-Domain Dendrite Circuit for Neuromorphic Computing

Elaine Greenfield, Tejasvi Das, Cory Merkel

2025 32nd IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS), pp. 1–4

Depth-Based Matrix Classification for the HHL Quantum Algorithm

Mark Danza, Sonia López Alarcón, Cory Merkel

2025 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), pp. 169–179

Evaluating FeFET and Memristor Performance in Time-Domain Computing Applications

Jacob O'Donnell, Elaine Greenfield, Hagar Hendy, Karsten Bergthold, Cory Merkel, Tejasvi Das

2025 IEEE 68th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), pp. 308–312

Quantum Adaptive Learning Rate

Martin Hoffnagle, Sonia López Alarcón, Cory Merkel

Computing in Science & Engineering, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 28–38

High-Throughput Time-domain Neuromorphic Computing using Memristors and ECRAM

Hagar Hendy, Elaine Greenfield, Huayuan Han, Jacob O’Donnell, Ke Xu, Cory Merkel, Tejasvi Das

2025 IEEE 34st Microelectronics Design & Test Symposium (MDTS), pp. 1–5

Enabling Long Chain Lengths and High-Throughput for Time-Domain Neuromorphic Computing

Karsten Bergthold, Hagar Hendy, Elaine Greenfield, Cory Merkel, Tejasvi Das

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 72, no. 8, pp. 983–987

Power Analysis Attacks on NVM Crossbar-based Neuromorphic Systems

Cory Merkel, A. Su

Neural Processing Letters, vol. 57, no. 1

Neuromorphic computing at scale

Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Catherine D. Schuman, Craig M. Vineyard, Tej Pandit, Cory Merkel, Rajkumar Kubendran, James B. Aimone, Garrick Orchard, Christian Mayr, Ryad Benosman, Joe Hays, Cliff Young, …

Nature, vol. 637, no. 8047, pp. 801–812

2024

Realizing linear synaptic plasticity in electric double layer-gated transistors for improved predictive accuracy and efficiency in neuromorphic computing

Nithil H. Manimaran, C. A. Sutton, Jake William Streamer, Cory Merkel, Ke Xu

Journal of Physics: Materials, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 015008

Neuromorphic Computing with Memristors: From Circuits to Algorithms

Cory Merkel

Intelligence in Chip: Integrated Sensors and Memristive Computing, pp. 216–258

Activation Function Perturbations in Artificial Neural Networks Effects on Robustness

Justin Sostre, Nathan D. Cahill, Cory Merkel

2024 IEEE Western New York Image and Signal Processing Workshop (WNYISPW), pp. 1–4

Contrastive Learning in Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Systems

Cory Merkel, Alexander G. Ororbia

2024 IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SiPS), pp. 171–176

Throughput Optimization for Time-Domain Neuromorphic Computing

Karsten Bergthold, Hagar Hendy, Cory Merkel, Tejasvi Das

2024 IEEE 67th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), pp. 136–140

Trustworthy and Robust Machine Learning for Multimedia: Challenges and Perspectives

Katsuaki Nakano, Michael Zuzak, Cory Merkel, Alexander C. Loui

2024 IEEE 7th International Conference on Multimedia Information Processing and Retrieval (MIPR), vol. 97, pp. 522–528

Design Space Exploration of Memristor-based Delay Cells for Time-domain Neuromorphic Computing

Hagar Hendy, Karsten Bergthold, Tejasvi Das, Cory Merkel

2024 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), pp. 1–5

Heterostimuli chemo-modulation of neuromorphic nanocomposites for time-, power-, and data-efficient machine learning

Jae Gwang Kim, Ruochen Liu, Prashant Dhakal, Aolin Hou, Chongjie Gao, Jingjing Qiu, Cory Merkel, Mark J. Zoran, Shiren Wang

Matter, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1230–1244

Memristor Based Liquid State Machine With Method for In-Situ Training

Alex Henderson, Chris Yakopcic, Cory Merkel, Hananel Hazan, Steven D. Harbour, Tarek M. Taha

IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, vol. 23, pp. 376–385

Position Papers for the 2024 ASCR Workshop on Neuromorphic Computing for Science

Gina C. Adam, Garrett Kenyon, Thomas Potok, Georgio Ascoli, Frances Chance, Yiran Chen, Joseph Friedman, Cory Merkel, Maryam Parsa, Midya Parto, Catherine Schumann, Shinjae Yoo, …

Report

2023

Poster Session: Eye-tracking while learning greebles.

Andrew M. Herbert, Archana Pandurangan, Ankita Girish Patel, Cory Merkel

Journal of Vision, vol. 23, no. 11, p. 52

Synaptic Scaling and Optimal Bias Adjustments for Power Reduction in Neuromorphic Systems

Cory Merkel

2023 IEEE 66th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), pp. 748–752

NCE focus issue: extreme edge computing

Cory Merkel

Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering, vol. 3, no. 3, p. 030401

A Bio-Inspired Computational Astrocyte Model for Spiking Neural Networks

Jacob Kiggins, J. David Schaffer, Cory Merkel

2023 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), vol. 2001, pp. 1–8

Exploiting Logic Locking for a Neural Trojan Attack on Machine Learning Accelerators

Hongye Xu, Dongfang Liu, Cory Merkel, Michael Zuzak

Proceedings of the Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI 2023, pp. 351–356

Neurochip Design, Modeling, and Applications

Cory Merkel

Selected Topics in Intelligent Chips with Emerging Devices, Circuits and Systems, pp. 207–234

Heterostimuli-Modulated Neuromorphic Materials and Systems for Fast, Energy-Efficient and High-Accuracy Machine Learning

Jae Gwang Kim, Ruochen Liu, Prashant Dhakal, Aolin Hou, Chongjie Gao, Cory Merkel, Mark J. Zoran, Shiren Wang

SSRN Electronic Journal, preprint

2022

Neuromorphic properties of flexible carbon nanotube/polydimethylsiloxane nanocomposites

Ruochen Liu, Jae Gwang Kim, Prashant Dhakal, Wei Li, Jun Ma, Aolin Hou, Cory Merkel, Jingjing Qiu, Mark J. Zoran, Shiren Wang

Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials, vol. 6, no. 1

Circuit Optimization Techniques for Efficient Ex-Situ Training of Robust Memristor Based Liquid State Machine

Alex Henderson, Chris Yakopcic, Steven D. Harbour, Tarek A. Taha, Cory Merkel, Hananel Hazan

Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Symposium on Nanoscale Architectures, pp. 1–6

Accelerating the Training of Single Layer Binary Neural Networks using the HHL Quantum Algorithm

Sonia López Alarcón, Cory Merkel, Martin Hoffnagle, Sabrina Ly, Alejandro Pozas-Kerstjens

2022 IEEE 40th International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD), pp. 427–433

Enhancing Adversarial Attacks on Single-Layer NVM Crossbar-Based Neural Networks with Power Consumption Information

Cory Merkel

2022 IEEE 35th International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC), pp. 1–6

Exploring Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in Deep Learning

Arjun Thangaraju, Cory Merkel

2022 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), pp. 1–6

A Survey on Machine Learning Accelerators and Evolutionary Hardware Platforms

Sathwika Bavikadi, Abhijitt Dhavlle, Amlan Ganguly, Anand Haridass, Hagar Hendy, Cory Merkel, Vijay Janapa Reddi, Purab Ranjan Sutradhar, Arun Joseph, Sai Manoj Pudukotai Dinakarrao

IEEE Design & Test, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 91–116

Effect of biologically-motivated energy constraints on liquid state machine dynamics and classification performance

Andrew G. Fountain, Cory Merkel

Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering, vol. 2, no. 2, p. 024005

Review of spike-based neuromorphic computing for brain-inspired vision: biology, algorithms, and hardware

Hagar Hendy, Cory Merkel

Journal of Electronic Imaging, vol. 31, no. 01

2021

Expanding smart assistant accessibility through dysarthria speech-trained transformer networks

Daniel Z. Adams, Cory Merkel

Applications of Machine Learning 2021, p. 29

Exploring CNN features in the context of adversarial robustness and human perception

Enzo Casamassima, Andrew M. Herbert, Cory Merkel

Applications of Machine Learning 2021, vol. 37, p. 42

Contrastive pooling segmentation network

Rajiv Mandya Nagaraju, Cory Merkel

Applications of Machine Learning 2021, p. 15

On the Adversarial Robustness of Quantized Neural Networks

Micah Gorsline, James L. Smith, Cory Merkel

Proceedings of the 2021 Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI, pp. 189–194

Model Extraction and Adversarial Attacks on Neural Networks Using Switching Power Information

Tommy Li, Cory Merkel

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 91–101

2020

Exploring Energy-Accuracy Tradeoffs in AI Hardware

Cory Merkel

2020 11th International Green and Sustainable Computing Workshops (IGSC), pp. 1–7

Energy Constraints Improve Liquid State Machine Performance

Andrew G. Fountain, Cory Merkel

International Conference on Neuromorphic Systems 2020, pp. 1–8

2019

A neuromorphic SLAM architecture using gated-memristive synapses

Alexander Jones, Andrew Rush, Cory Merkel, Eric Herrmann, Ajey P. Jacob, Clare Thiem, Rashmi Jha

Neurocomputing, vol. 381, pp. 89–104

A Segmented Attractor Network for Neuromorphic Associative Learning

Alexander Jones, Rashmi Jha, Ajey P. Jacob, Cory Merkel

Proceedings of the International Conference on Neuromorphic Systems, vol. 4, pp. 1–8

A Low-Power Domino Logic Architecture for Memristor-Based Neuromorphic Computing

Cory Merkel, Animesh Nikam

Proceedings of the International Conference on Neuromorphic Systems, pp. 1–4

Exploiting Randomness in Deep Learning Algorithms

Hamed F. Langroudi, Cory Merkel, Humza Syed, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2019 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 1–8

A Low-Power Domino Logic Architecture for Memristor-Based Neuromorphic\n Computing

Cory Merkel, Animesh Nikam

arXiv (Cornell University), preprint

Current-Mode Memristor Crossbars for Neuromorphic Computing

Cory Merkel

Proceedings of the 7th Annual Neuro-inspired Computational Elements Workshop, pp. 1–6

2018

An FPGA Implementation of a Time Delay Reservoir Using Stochastic Logic

Lisa Loomis, Nathan McDonald, Cory Merkel

ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 1–15

Device solutions to scientific computing

Cory Merkel

Nature Electronics, vol. 1, no. 7, pp. 382–383

2017

A Chaotic Logic-Based Physical Unclonable Computing System

Cory Merkel, Mesbah Uddin, Garrett S. Rose

Security Opportunities in Nano Devices and Emerging Technologies, pp. 327–342

Current-mode Memristor Crossbars for Neuromemristive Systems

Cory Merkel

arXiv (Cornell University), preprint

Design of a time delay reservoir using stochastic logic: A feasibility study

Cory Merkel

2017 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 2186–2192

Stochastic CBRAM-Based Neuromorphic Time Series Prediction System

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Manan Suri, Bryant Wysocki

ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 1–14

Neuromemristive Systems: A Circuit Design Perspective

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Cognitive Systems Monographs, pp. 45–64

2016

Neuromemristive Systems: Boosting Efficiency through Brain-Inspired Computing

Cory Merkel, Raqibul Hasan, Nicholas Soures, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Tarek M. Taha, Sapan Agarwal, Matthew Marinella

Computer, vol. 49, no. 10, pp. 56–64

Optimized hardware framework of MLP with random hidden layers for classification applications

Abdullah M. Zyarah, Abhishek Ramesh, Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

SPIE Proceedings, vol. 9850, p. 985007

A design of HTM spatial pooler for face recognition using memristor-CMOS hybrid circuits

Timur Ibrayev, Alex Pappachen James, Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), pp. 1254–1257

Neuromorphic devices and circuits

Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Cory Merkel, Santosh Kurinec

Nano-CMOS and Post-CMOS Electronics: Devices and Modelling, pp. 337–356

Invited: Towards a scalable neuromorphic hardware for classification and prediction with stochastic No-Prop algorithms

Dan Christiani, Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2016 17th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design (ISQED), pp. 124–128

Design and Analysis of a Neuromemristive Reservoir Computing Architecture for Biosignal Processing

Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Qutaiba Saleh, Cory Merkel, James Thesing, Bryant Wysocki

Frontiers in Neuroscience, vol. 9, p. 502

2015

Unsupervised learning in neuromemristive systems

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2015 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON), pp. 336–338

Memristive computational architecture of an echo state network for real-time speech-emotion recognition

Qutaiba M. Saleh, Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Bryant Wysocki

2015 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence for Security and Defense Applications (CISDA), pp. 1–5

Design and analysis of neuromemristive echo state networks with limited-precision synapses

Colin Donahue, Cory Merkel, Qutaiba M. Saleh, Levs Dolgovs, Yu Kee Ooi, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Bryant Wysocki

2015 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence for Security and Defense Applications (CISDA), vol. 2, pp. 1–6

Comparison of Off-Chip Training Methods for Neuromemristive Systems

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2015 28th International Conference on VLSI Design, pp. 99–104

Design of Neuromemristive Systems for Visual Information Processing

Cory Merkel

RIT Scholar Works (Rochester Institute of Technology)

2014

A stochastic learning algorithm for neuromemristive systems

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2014 27th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC), pp. 359–364

On designing circuit primitives for cortical processors with memristive hardware

Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Cory Merkel, Yu Kee Ooi, Qutaiba M. Saleh, Garrett S. Rose

2014 27th IEEE International System-on-Chip Conference (SOCC), vol. 18, pp. 371–376

Neuromemristive Extreme Learning Machines for Pattern Classification

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2014 IEEE Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI, pp. 77–82

Heterogeneous CMOS/memristor hardware neural networks for real-time target classification

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Ray Ptucha

SPIE Proceedings, vol. 9119, p. 911908

A current-mode CMOS/memristor hybrid implementation of an extreme learning machine

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Proceedings of the 24th edition of the great lakes symposium on VLSI, pp. 241–242

Temperature Sensing RRAM Architecture for 3-D ICs

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 878–887

Memristive Reservoir Computing Architecture for Epileptic Seizure Detection

Cory Merkel, Qutaiba M. Saleh, Colin Donahue, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Procedia Computer Science, vol. 41, pp. 249–254

2013

Periodic activation functions in memristor-based analog neural networks

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Nick Sereni

The 2013 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 1–7

Memristor-Based Neural Logic Blocks for Nonlinearly Separable Functions

Michael Soltiz, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Cory Merkel, Garrett S. Rose, Robinson E. Pino

IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 1597–1606

Design of Neuromorphic Architectures with Memristors

Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Cory Merkel, Mike Soltiz, Garrett S. Rose, Robinson E. Pino

Advances in Information Security, pp. 93–103

2012

Lightweight energy prediction framework for solar-powered wireless sensor networks

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Andres Kwasinski

2012 IEEE International SOC Conference, pp. 131–136

RRAM-based adaptive neural logic block for implementing non-linearly separable functions in a single layer

Michael Soltiz, Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Garrett S. Rose

Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Nanoscale Architectures, pp. 218–225

Design-time performance evaluation of thermal management policies for SRAM and RRAM based 3D MPSoCs

David William Brenner, Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

Proceedings of the great lakes symposium on VLSI, pp. 177–182

Reconfigurable Memristor Fabrics for Heterogeneous Computing

Dhireesha Kudithipudi, Cory Merkel

Advances in Neuromorphic Memristor Science and Applications, pp. 89–106

Towards Thermal Profiling in CMOS/Memristor Hybrid RRAM Architectures

Cory Merkel, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

2012 25th International Conference on VLSI Design, pp. 167–172

2011

Reconfigurable N-level memristor memory design

Cory Merkel, Nakul Nagpal, Sindhura Mandalapu, Dhireesha Kudithipudi

The 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, pp. 3042–3048

Thermal Profiling in CMOS/Memristor Hybrid Architectures

Cory Merkel

RIT Scholar Works (Rochester Institute of Technology)

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